Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities, is a common dental problem that occurs when bacteria in the mouth produce acid that erodes the hard outer layer of the tooth, called enamel. Over time, the acid can penetrate deeper into the tooth and cause decay or cavities.
“Dental health is a vital part of overall health and should not be overlooked.” – Unknown
Factors contributing tooth decay
Factors that contribute to tooth decay include poor oral hygiene, a diet high in sugar and carbohydrates, dry mouth, and certain medical conditions or medications that affect saliva production. Tooth decay can also occur around existing dental fillings or crowns.
Symptoms
Symptoms of tooth decay and cavities include tooth sensitivity, pain when biting or chewing, visible holes or pits in the teeth, and discoloration or staining of the teeth.
Treatment
Treatment for tooth decay and cavities typically involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth and filling it with a dental filling material, such as amalgam or composite resin. In more severe cases, a root canal or dental crown may be necessary to restore the tooth. In extreme cases where the tooth cannot be saved, extraction may be necessary.
Prevention
- Prevention of tooth decay and cavities involves practicing good oral hygiene, such as brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and using an antiseptic mouthwash.
- It is also important to limit sugary and acidic foods and drinks and to visit the dentist regularly for cleanings and checkups.
- Dental sealants, which are thin plastic coatings applied to the chewing surfaces of the back teeth, can also help prevent tooth decay in children and adolescents.
